A Comprehensive Roadmap for Transition Amid Conflict
In a significant development amidst prolonged conflict, Sudan’s military leader Abdel Fattah al-Burhan has announced a comprehensive roadmap for transitioning the country back to civilian rule. This initiative seeks to culminate in democratic elections, offering a potential resolution to the nearly two-year civil war that has devastated the nation.
Formation of a Transitional Government: Following the Sudanese Armed Forces’ (SAF) recapture of Khartoum from the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), al-Burhan declared plans to establish a technocratic government led by a civilian prime minister. This cabinet would consist of independent experts, aiming to guide the country through the transitional period and address the pressing challenges arising from the conflict. The proposed government structure is designed to finalize military objectives and pave the way for free and fair elections.
Political groups in Port Sudan have introduced a proposal suggesting a one-year preparatory phase before initiating the transition. This period would focus on necessary amendments to the constitutional document, ensuring approval from national and societal forces, and establishing a civilian-led executive branch free from military interference.
Parallel Structures and Deepening Divisions
In response to the military’s actions, the RSF and allied groups have formalized plans for a parallel government. On March 4, 2025, they signed a transitional constitution in Nairobi, Kenya, outlining a federal and secular state divided into eight regions. This government structure aims to administer areas under RSF control, highlighting the deepening divisions within the country.
International Community’s Role: The international community has been urged to support Sudan’s transition by backing the proposed roadmaps and facilitating dialogue between conflicting parties. Organizations such as the African Union, United Nations, and Arab League are called upon to assist in the peace process, ensuring that any transition leads to a stable and democratic Sudan.
The conflict has precipitated a severe humanitarian crisis, with over 20,000 deaths and more than 14 million displaced persons. Regions like Darfur have experienced extreme violence, including ethnic clashes and sexual violence, exacerbating the need for immediate international humanitarian assistance.
Challenges Ahead: While the proposed roadmaps offer a framework for transition, the path to peace and stability remains fraught with challenges. The existence of parallel governments and ongoing military engagements complicates the realization of a unified and democratic Sudan. Continuous efforts from both national and international stakeholders are essential to navigate these complexities and support Sudan’s transition to a peaceful and democratic future.
Despite the promising initiatives, achieving reconciliation and stability in Sudan will require sustained commitment, dialogue, and collaboration among all parties involved. The international community’s support will play a pivotal role in determining the success of this transition.
